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CAS Number: 64-18-6

Sum Formula: CH2O2

Molar Mass: 46 g/mol

German Synonyms: Ameisensäure

English Synonyms: Formic acid

EC Index Number: 607-001-00-0

EC Number: 200-579-1

Temperature Class: T1

Explosion Group: IIA

Disclaimer: The CLP/GHS classification is not regularly updated in Chemsafe. For up-to-date information, please use the ECHA database. ( https://echa.europa.eu/en/information-on-chemicals )

GHS Hazard and Category:

Flam. Liq. 3: flammable liquids, category 3
Skin Corr. 1A: skin corrosion, category 1A

GHS Pictogram:

GHS Signal Word: Danger

GHS Hazard Statement:

H226: Flammable liquid and vapour.
H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.

Antoine parameters

DECHEMA

7.3779 Torr

UTI: 1100-590-3240/0-39

UTI: 1100-590-3240/0-39;
Line no	Upper temperature limit of Antoine equation	Lower temperature limit of Antoine equation	Antoine constant C	Antoine constant B	Antoine constant A
	recommended value saturated property of pure substance	recommended value saturated property of pure substance	recommended value by regression saturated property of pure substance	recommended value by regression saturated property of pure substance	defined value by regression saturated property of pure substance
1	< 125 °C	> 0 °C	247.06 °C	1563.28 °C	7.3779 Torr

Bibliographic data

Author	DECHEMA
Title	Antoinekonstanten
Database	PTB
Publisher	Detherm

Boiling point

1950

1013.25 hPa

100 °C

UTI: 1-590-3198/0-39

UTI: 1-590-3198/0-39;
Line no	Boiling temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure saturated property of pure substance	saturated
1	100 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Title	Loss Prevention Bulletin No. 36.10: Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases and Solids
Year	1950
Journal Title	The Factory Mutual Engineering Division;Boston, Ma
Publisher	The Factory Mutual Engineering Division
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

1951

Oehley, E.

1013.25 hPa

100.5 °C

UTI: 13-590-3200/0-39

UTI: 13-590-3200/0-39;
Line no	Boiling temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure saturated property of pure substance	saturated
1	100.5 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Title	Stoffdaten
Author	Oehley, E.
Year	1951
Publisher	Farbwerke Hoechst, Techn. Abt. Farben-Gruppe
Language	GERM

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1013.25 hPa

101 °C

UTI: 1000-590-3231/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3231/0-39;
Line no	Boiling temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure property of pure substance
1	101 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1994

1013.25 hPa

100.5 °C

UTI: 16-590-3204/0-39

UTI: 16-590-3204/0-39;
Line no	Boiling temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure saturated property of pure substance	saturated
1	100.5 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Year	1994
Title	Fire-hazard Properties of certain Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids
Publisher	National Fire Protection Association
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

Density

1951

Oehley, E.

1013.25 hPa

20 °C

1.226 g/cm³

UTI: 13-590-3201/0-39

UTI: 13-590-3201/0-39;
Line no	Density	Temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	at atmospheric pressure and room temperature
1	1.226 g/cm³	20 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Title	Stoffdaten
Author	Oehley, E.
Year	1951
Publisher	Farbwerke Hoechst, Techn. Abt. Farben-Gruppe
Language	GERM

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1013.25 hPa

20 °C

1.22 g/cm³

UTI: 1000-590-3232/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3232/0-39;
Line no	Density	Temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	recommended value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	recommended value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature
1	1.22 g/cm³	20 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1994

1013.25 hPa

20 °C

1.218 g/cm³

UTI: 16-590-3205/0-39

UTI: 16-590-3205/0-39;
Line no	Density	Temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	at atmospheric pressure and room temperature
1	1.218 g/cm³	20 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Year	1994
Title	Fire-hazard Properties of certain Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids
Publisher	National Fire Protection Association
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

Diffusion coefficient

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

20 °C

0.15 cm²/s

UTI: 1000-590-3235/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3235/0-39;
Line no	Diffusion coefficient	Temperature
	defined value at room temperature property of pure substance	recommended value at room temperature property of pure substance
1	0.15 cm²/s	20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Melting point

1951

Oehley, E.

8.4 °C

UTI: 13-590-3199/0-39

UTI: 13-590-3199/0-39;
Line no	Melting temperature
	defined value at atmospheric pressure property of pure substance
1	8.4 °C

Bibliographic data

Title	Stoffdaten
Author	Oehley, E.
Year	1951
Publisher	Farbwerke Hoechst, Techn. Abt. Farben-Gruppe
Language	GERM

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1013.25 hPa

8 °C

UTI: 1000-590-3236/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3236/0-39;
Line no	Melting temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure saturated property of pure substance	recommended value at atmospheric pressure saturated
1	8 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Relative gas density

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1.59

UTI: 1000-590-3233/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3233/0-39;
Line no	Relative gas density
	defined value property of pure substance
1	1.59

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1994

1.59

UTI: 16-590-3206/0-39

UTI: 16-590-3206/0-39;
Line no	Relative gas density
	defined value property of pure substance
1	1.59

Bibliographic data

Year	1994
Title	Fire-hazard Properties of certain Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids
Publisher	National Fire Protection Association
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

Solubility in water

2009

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

UTI: 228-590-3228/0-39

UTI: 228-590-3228/0-39;
Line no	Solubility in water
	defined value property of pure substance
1	miscible with water [1]

[1] miscible with water

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2009
Title	Wasserlöslichkeit
Database	PTB
Publisher	Datenbank PTB-Lab. 3.43
Language	GERM

The oxidizing agent is air with an oxygen content of 20.95 % by volume. In the data base it is usually not specified as mixture component. Exceptions are highlighted.
Pressure values are absolute, not gauge pressures.
Impurities can strongly influence characteristic safety data, particulary if the properties of the impurity considerably deviate from the respective properties of the pure substance.
Safety characteristics are only displayed if evaluated data are available.
Values can be cited by using the UTI number of the table (Uniform Table Identifier).

Color Codes: recommended value no recommendation do not use value

Autoignition Temperature

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

520 °C

UTI: 1000-590-3234/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3234/0-39;
Line no	Autoignition Temperature
	recommended value according to german standard property of pure substance
1	520 °C [A]

[A] DIN 51794: Testing of mineral oil hydrocarbons - Determination of ignition temperature; measurements are technically identical to those of ISO/IEC 80079-20-1 but results are treated differently.

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1950

601 °C

UTI: 1-590-3196/0-39

UTI: 1-590-3196/0-39;
Line no	Autoignition Temperature
	methode not internationally standardized property of pure substance
1	601 °C

Bibliographic data

Title	Loss Prevention Bulletin No. 36.10: Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases and Solids
Year	1950
Journal Title	The Factory Mutual Engineering Division;Boston, Ma
Publisher	The Factory Mutual Engineering Division
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

1951

Oehley, E.

650 °C

UTI: 13-590-3202/0-39

UTI: 13-590-3202/0-39;
Line no	Autoignition Temperature
	methode not internationally standardized property of pure substance
1	650 °C

Bibliographic data

Title	Stoffdaten
Author	Oehley, E.
Year	1951
Publisher	Farbwerke Hoechst, Techn. Abt. Farben-Gruppe
Language	GERM

1975

Yagyu, S.

510 °C

UTI: 179-590-3213/0-39

UTI: 179-590-3213/0-39;
Line no	Autoignition Temperature
	international standard method property of pure substance
1	510 °C [A]

[A] IEC 79-4: Method of Test for Ignition Temperature, Electrical Apparatus for Explosive G; Replaced by IEC-60079-20-1 in 1975

Bibliographic data

Title	Data for Ignition Temperature(1st and 2nd)
Author	Yagyu, S.
Year	1975
Publisher	RIIS
Language	JAPN

1994

601 °C

UTI: 16-590-3207/0-39

UTI: 16-590-3207/0-39;
Line no	Autoignition Temperature
	methode not internationally standardized property of pure substance
1	601 °C

Bibliographic data

Year	1994
Title	Fire-hazard Properties of certain Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids
Publisher	National Fire Protection Association
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

Flash point

2004

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

45 °C

UTI: 4024-590-3241/0-39

UTI: 4024-590-3241/0-39;
Line no	Flash point
	recommended value experimental closed cup property of pure substance
1	45 °C [A]

[A] DIN EN ISO 3679: Determination of flash point - Method for flash no-flash and flash point by small scale closed cup tester; German version of EN ISO 3679:2022

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2004
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen: Messwerte 2004 des PTB-Laboratoriums 3.41
Database	PTB
Publisher	PTB-Lab. 3.41
Language	GERM

1950

69 °C

UTI: 1-590-3197/0-39

UTI: 1-590-3197/0-39;
Line no	Flash point
	closed cup property of pure substance
1	69 °C

Bibliographic data

Title	Loss Prevention Bulletin No. 36.10: Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases and Solids
Year	1950
Journal Title	The Factory Mutual Engineering Division;Boston, Ma
Publisher	The Factory Mutual Engineering Division
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

1951

Oehley, E.

69 °C

UTI: 13-590-3203/0-39

UTI: 13-590-3203/0-39;
Line no	Flash point
	closed cup property of pure substance
1	69 °C

Bibliographic data

Title	Stoffdaten
Author	Oehley, E.
Year	1951
Publisher	Farbwerke Hoechst, Techn. Abt. Farben-Gruppe
Language	GERM

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

42 °C

UTI: 1000-590-3229/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3229/0-39;
Line no	Flash point
	experimental closed cup property of pure substance
1	42 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1994

69 °C

UTI: 16-590-3208/0-39

UTI: 16-590-3208/0-39;
Line no	Flash point
	closed cup property of pure substance
1	69 °C

Bibliographic data

Year	1994
Title	Fire-hazard Properties of certain Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids
Publisher	National Fire Protection Association
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

Explosion limits

Lower explosion limit

Lower Explosion Limit as a function of temperature

2004

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

100 °C

16.4 Vol%

UTI: 4024-590-3242/0-39

Lower Explosion Limit as a function of temperature
UTI: 4024-590-3242/0-39;
Line no	Temperature	Lower explosion limit
	experimental property of pure substance	recommended value experimental at atmospheric pressure property of pure substance
1	100 °C	16.4 Vol%
2	100 °C	314 g/m³ ⚠

⚠ The reference for the specification in g/m³ is the molar volume at 20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2004
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen: Messwerte 2004 des PTB-Laboratoriums 3.41
Database	PTB
Publisher	PTB-Lab. 3.41
Language	GERM

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

10 Vol% ± 10 %

UTI: 1000-590-3237/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3237/0-39;
Line no	Lower explosion limit
	property of pure substance
1	10 Vol% ± 10 %
2	190 g/m³ ± 10 % ⚠

⚠ The reference for the specification in g/m³ is the molar volume at 20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Upper explosion limit

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

45.5 Vol% ± 5 %

UTI: 1000-590-3238/0-39

UTI: 1000-590-3238/0-39;
Line no	Upper explosion limit
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	45.5 Vol% ± 5 %
2	865 g/m³ ± 5 % ⚠

⚠ The reference for the specification in g/m³ is the molar volume at 20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Maximum experimental safe gap

1992

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.; Redeker, T.

1.76 mm

UTI: 1050-590-3239/0-39

UTI: 1050-590-3239/0-39;
Line no	Maximum experimental safe gap
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	1.76 mm

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.; Redeker, T.
Year	1992
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Language	GERM

Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with air

2005

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

29.5 Mol%

UTI: 220-590-3227/0-39

UTI: 220-590-3227/0-39;
Line no	Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with air
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	29.5 Mol%

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2005
Title	Berechnete molare stöchiometrische Brenngasanteile in Luft (c_stoech)
Database	PTB
Publisher	Datenbank PTB-Lab. 3.43
Language	GERM

Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with oxygen

2005

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

66.7 Mol%

UTI: 219-590-3226/0-39

UTI: 219-590-3226/0-39;
Line no	Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with oxygen
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	66.7 Mol%

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2005
Title	Berechnete molare stöchiometrische Brenngasanteile in Sauerstoff
Database	PTB
Publisher	Datenbank PTB-Lab. 3.43
Language	GERM

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Formic acid

Classification

Physico-Chemical Data

Safety Characteristics of Substance

Safety Characteristics of Substance Mixtures

Air, Formic acid, Water (Formic acid/water mixture)

Chlorine, Formic acid (Formic acid/chlorine mixture)