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CAS Number: 78-78-4

Sum Formula: C5H12

Molar Mass: 72.2 g/mol

German Synonyms: Isopentan | i-Pentan | 2-Methylbutan

English Synonyms: 2-Methylbutane

EC Index Number: 601-006-00-1

EC Number: 201-142-8

Temperature Class: T2

Explosion Group: IIA

Disclaimer: The CLP/GHS classification is not regularly updated in Chemsafe. For up-to-date information, please use the ECHA database. ( https://echa.europa.eu/en/information-on-chemicals )

GHS Hazard and Category:

Flam. Liq. 1: flammable liquids, category 1
Asp. Tox. 1: aspiration hazard, category 1
STOT SE 3: Specific target organ toxicity following single exposure, category 3, respiratory tract irritation or narcotic effects
Aquatic Chronic 2: long-term hazards hazards to the aquatic environment, category 2

GHS Pictogram:

GHS Signal Word: Danger

GHS Hazard Statement:

H224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapour.
H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways.
H336: May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
EUH066: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking.

Antoine parameters

1987

Stephenson, R.M.; Malanowski, S.

5.95805 kPa

UTI: 137-1093-16989/0-39

UTI: 137-1093-16989/0-39;
Line no	Upper temperature limit of Antoine equation	Lower temperature limit of Antoine equation	Antoine constant C	Antoine constant B	Antoine constant A
	recommended value saturated property of pure substance	recommended value saturated property of pure substance	recommended value by regression saturated property of pure substance	recommended value by regression saturated property of pure substance	defined value by regression saturated property of pure substance
1	< 323 K	> 216 K	-37.705 K	1040.73 K	5.95805 kPa

Bibliographic data

Author	Stephenson, R.M.; Malanowski, S.
Year	1987
Title	Handbook of The Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds
Publisher	Elsevier; New York, Amsterdam, London
Language	ENGL

Boiling point

1950

Matteson, R.

1013.25 hPa

27.8 °C

UTI: 21-1093-16981/0-39

UTI: 21-1093-16981/0-39;
Line no	Boiling temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure saturated property of pure substance	saturated
1	27.8 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Title	Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons Boiling Below 350 F
Author	Matteson, R.
Year	1950
Publisher	American Society For Testing Materials
Publisher City	Philadelphia
Language	ENGL

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1013.25 hPa

28 °C

UTI: 1000-1093-17013/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17013/0-39;
Line no	Boiling temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure property of pure substance
1	28 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Density

1950

Matteson, R.

1013.25 mbar

15.6 °C

0.625 g/cm³

UTI: 21-1093-16982/0-39

UTI: 21-1093-16982/0-39;
Line no	Pressure	Temperature	Density
		property of pure substance	defined value property of pure substance
1	1013.25 mbar	15.6 °C	0.625 g/cm³

Bibliographic data

Title	Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons Boiling Below 350 F
Author	Matteson, R.
Year	1950
Publisher	American Society For Testing Materials
Publisher City	Philadelphia
Language	ENGL

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1013.25 hPa

20 °C

0.62 g/cm³

UTI: 1000-1093-17014/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17014/0-39;
Line no	Density	Temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	recommended value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature property of pure substance	recommended value at atmospheric pressure and room temperature
1	0.62 g/cm³	20 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Melting point

1950

Matteson, R.

-159.9 °C

UTI: 21-1093-16980/0-39

UTI: 21-1093-16980/0-39;
Line no	Melting temperature
	defined value at atmospheric pressure property of pure substance
1	-159.9 °C

Bibliographic data

Title	Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons Boiling Below 350 F
Author	Matteson, R.
Year	1950
Publisher	American Society For Testing Materials
Publisher City	Philadelphia
Language	ENGL

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1013.25 hPa

-160 °C

UTI: 1000-1093-17018/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17018/0-39;
Line no	Melting temperature	Pressure
	defined value at atmospheric pressure saturated property of pure substance	recommended value at atmospheric pressure saturated
1	-160 °C	1013.25 hPa

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Relative gas density

1950

Matteson, R.

2.4906

UTI: 21-1093-16983/0-39

UTI: 21-1093-16983/0-39;
Line no	Relative gas density
	defined value property of pure substance
1	2.4906

Bibliographic data

Title	Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons Boiling Below 350 F
Author	Matteson, R.
Year	1950
Publisher	American Society For Testing Materials
Publisher City	Philadelphia
Language	ENGL

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

2.49

UTI: 1000-1093-17015/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17015/0-39;
Line no	Relative gas density
	defined value property of pure substance
1	2.49

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Solubility in water

2009

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

20 °C

0.05 g/l

UTI: 228-1093-17009/0-39

UTI: 228-1093-17009/0-39;
Line no	Solubility in water	Temperature
	defined value property of pure substance	property of pure substance
1	0.05 g/l	20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2009
Title	Wasserlöslichkeit
Database	PTB
Publisher	Datenbank PTB-Lab. 3.43
Language	GERM

The oxidizing agent is air with an oxygen content of 20.95 % by volume. In the data base it is usually not specified as mixture component. Exceptions are highlighted.
Pressure values are absolute, not gauge pressures.
Impurities can strongly influence characteristic safety data, particulary if the properties of the impurity considerably deviate from the respective properties of the pure substance.
Safety characteristics are only displayed if evaluated data are available.
Values can be cited by using the UTI number of the table (Uniform Table Identifier).

Color Codes: recommended value no recommendation do not use value

Autoignition Temperature

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

420 °C

UTI: 1000-1093-17016/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17016/0-39;
Line no	Autoignition Temperature
	recommended value according to german standard property of pure substance
1	420 °C [A]

[A] DIN 51794: Testing of mineral oil hydrocarbons - Determination of ignition temperature; measurements are technically identical to those of ISO/IEC 80079-20-1 but results are treated differently.

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1948

Scott, G.S; Jones, G.W.; Scott, F.E.

420 °C

UTI: 26-1093-16987/0-39

UTI: 26-1093-16987/0-39;
Line no	Autoignition Temperature
	methode not internationally standardized property of pure substance
1	420 °C

Bibliographic data

Title	Determination of Ignition Temperatures of Combustible Liquids and Gases
Author	Scott, G.S; Jones, G.W.; Scott, F.E.
Year	1948
Journal Title	Anal. Chem.
Volume	20
Issue	3
Pages	238-241
Publisher	Anal. Chem.
Language	ENGL

Flash point

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

< -20 °C

UTI: 1000-1093-17011/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17011/0-39;
Line no	Flash point
	recommended value experimental closed cup property of pure substance
1	< -20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1994

-51 °C

UTI: 16-1093-16979/0-39

UTI: 16-1093-16979/0-39;
Line no	Flash point
	closed cup property of pure substance
1	-51 °C

Bibliographic data

Year	1994
Title	Fire-hazard Properties of certain Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids
Publisher	National Fire Protection Association
Publisher City	Boston
Language	ENGL

Limiting value for flammability (Tci)

2008

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

2.1 Mol%

UTI: 232-1093-17010/0-39

UTI: 232-1093-17010/0-39;
Line no	Limiting value for flammability (Tci)
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	2.1 Mol%

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2008
Title	Draft for the revision of ISO 10156 'Gas cylinders - Gas and gas mixture - Determination of fire potential and oxidizing ability'
Database	PTB
Publisher	Datenbank PTB-Lab. 3.43
Language	ENGL

Explosion limits

Lower explosion limit

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

1.3 Vol% ± 10 %

UTI: 1000-1093-17019/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17019/0-39;
Line no	Lower explosion limit
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	1.3 Vol% ± 10 %
2	38 g/m³ ± 10 % ⚠

⚠ The reference for the specification in g/m³ is the molar volume at 20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1950

Matteson, R.

1.3 Vol%

UTI: 21-1093-16984/0-39

UTI: 21-1093-16984/0-39;
Line no	Lower explosion limit
	property of pure substance
1	1.3 Vol%

Bibliographic data

Title	Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons Boiling Below 350 F
Author	Matteson, R.
Year	1950
Publisher	American Society For Testing Materials
Publisher City	Philadelphia
Language	ENGL

1952

Coward, H.F.; Jones, G.W.

1.4 Vol%

UTI: 22-1093-16985/0-39

UTI: 22-1093-16985/0-39;
Line no	Lower explosion limit
	property of pure substance
1	1.4 Vol%

Bibliographic data

Title	Limits of Flammability of Gases and Vapours
Author	Coward, H.F.; Jones, G.W.
Year	1952
Publisher	United States Government Printing Office
Publisher City	Washington
Language	ENGL

Upper explosion limit

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

7.6 Vol% ± 5 %

UTI: 1000-1093-17020/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17020/0-39;
Line no	Upper explosion limit
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	7.6 Vol% ± 5 %
2	230 g/m³ ± 5 % ⚠

⚠ The reference for the specification in g/m³ is the molar volume at 20 °C

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

1952

Coward, H.F.; Jones, G.W.

7.6 Vol%

UTI: 22-1093-16986/0-39

UTI: 22-1093-16986/0-39;
Line no	Upper explosion limit
	property of pure substance
1	7.6 Vol%

Bibliographic data

Title	Limits of Flammability of Gases and Vapours
Author	Coward, H.F.; Jones, G.W.
Year	1952
Publisher	United States Government Printing Office
Publisher City	Washington
Language	ENGL

Maximum experimental safe gap

1992

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.; Redeker, T.

0.98 mm

UTI: 1050-1093-17022/0-39

UTI: 1050-1093-17022/0-39;
Line no	Maximum experimental safe gap
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	0.98 mm

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.; Redeker, T.
Year	1992
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kenngrößen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Language	GERM

Maximum explosion pressure

1963

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

9.1 bar

UTI: 1000-1093-17017/0-39

UTI: 1000-1093-17017/0-39;
Line no	Maximum explosion pressure
	recommended value experimental property of pure substance
1	9.1 bar

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1963
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe (mit 6. Nachtrag)
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Abstract English	Safety values of about 1000 flammable gases and vapors: Explosion limits, ignition temperatures, flash points, explosion pressures.
Language	GERM

Minimum ignition energy

1990

Nabert, K.; Schön, G.

0.21 mJ

UTI: 1011-1093-17021/0-39

UTI: 1011-1093-17021/0-39;
Line no	Minimum ignition energy
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	0.21 mJ [1]

[1] most ignitable mixture 3.8 Vol%

Bibliographic data

Author	Nabert, K.; Schön, G.
Year	1990
Title	Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dämpfe
Pages	6
Publisher	Deutscher Eichverlag
Publisher City	Braunschweig
Language	GERM

Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with air

2005

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

2.6 Mol%

UTI: 220-1093-17008/0-39

UTI: 220-1093-17008/0-39;
Line no	Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with air
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	2.6 Mol%

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2005
Title	Berechnete molare stöchiometrische Brenngasanteile in Luft (c_stoech)
Database	PTB
Publisher	Datenbank PTB-Lab. 3.43
Language	GERM

Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with oxygen

2005

Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)

11.1 Mol%

UTI: 219-1093-17007/0-39

UTI: 219-1093-17007/0-39;
Line no	Stoichiometric fraction of combustible substance in mixture with oxygen
	recommended value property of pure substance
1	11.1 Mol%

Bibliographic data

Author	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year	2005
Title	Berechnete molare stöchiometrische Brenngasanteile in Sauerstoff
Database	PTB
Publisher	Datenbank PTB-Lab. 3.43
Language	GERM

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2-Methylbutane

Classification

Physico-Chemical Data

Safety Characteristics of Substance

Safety Characteristics of Substance Mixtures

2-Methylbutane, Dinitrogen oxide (2-Methylbutane/dinitrogen oxide mixture)

2-Methylbutane, Oxygen (2-Methylbutane/oxygen mixture)